setpriv: allow modifying ambient capabilities

With Linux 4.3, a new set of capabilities has been introduced with the
ambient capabilities. These aim to solve the problem that it was
impossible to grant run programs with elevated privileges across
non-root users. Quoting from capabilities(7):

    This is a set of capabilities that are preserved across an execve(2)
    of a program that is not privileged.  The ambient capability set
    obeys the invariant that no capability can ever be ambient if it is
    not both permitted and inheritable.

With this new set of capabilities it is now possible to run an
executable with elevated privileges as a different user, making it much
easier to do proper privilege separation.

Note though that the `--ambient-caps` switch is not part of any released
version of util-linux, yet. It has been applied in 0c92194ee (setpriv:
support modifying the set of ambient capabilities, 2017-06-24) and will
probably be part of v2.31.

function                                             old     new   delta
parse_cap                                              -     174    +174
setpriv_main                                        1246    1301     +55
.rodata                                           146307  146347     +40
static.setpriv_longopts                               40      55     +15
packed_usage                                       32092   32079     -13

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

1 files changed, 35 insertions, 9 deletions

diff --git a/util-linux/setpriv.c b/util-linux/setpriv.c
index a1fa889..8d9c218 100644
--- a/util-linux/setpriv.c
+++ b/util-linux/setpriv.c
@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@
 //usage:	)
 //usage:     "\n--nnp,--no-new-privs	Ignore setuid/setgid bits and file capabilities"
 //usage:	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(
-//usage:     "\n--inh-caps CAP[,CAP...]	Set inheritable capabilities"
+//usage:     "\n--inh-caps CAP,CAP	Set inheritable capabilities"
+//usage:     "\n--ambient-caps CAP,CAP	Set ambient capabilities"
 //usage:	)
 
 //setpriv from util-linux 2.28:
@@ -100,15 +101,19 @@
 #ifndef PR_CAP_AMBIENT
 #define PR_CAP_AMBIENT 47
 #define PR_CAP_AMBIENT_IS_SET 1
+#define PR_CAP_AMBIENT_RAISE 2
+#define PR_CAP_AMBIENT_LOWER 3
 #endif
 
 enum {
 	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_DUMP(OPTBIT_DUMP,)
 	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(OPTBIT_INH,)
+	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(OPTBIT_AMB,)
 	OPTBIT_NNP,
 
 	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_DUMP(OPT_DUMP = (1 << OPTBIT_DUMP),)
 	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(OPT_INH  = (1 << OPTBIT_INH),)
+	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(OPT_AMB  = (1 << OPTBIT_AMB),)
 	OPT_NNP  = (1 << OPTBIT_NNP),
 };
 
@@ -313,16 +318,14 @@ static int dump(void)
 #endif /* FEATURE_SETPRIV_DUMP */
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES
-static void parse_cap(unsigned long *index, int *add, const char *cap)
+static void parse_cap(unsigned long *index, const char *cap)
 {
 	unsigned long i;
 
 	switch (cap[0]) {
 	case '-':
-		*add = 0;
 		break;
 	case '+':
-		*add = 1;
 		break;
 	default:
 		bb_error_msg_and_die("invalid capability '%s'", cap);
@@ -361,12 +364,12 @@ static void set_inh_caps(char *capstring)
 	capstring = strtok(capstring, ",");
 	while (capstring) {
 		unsigned long cap;
-		int add;
 
-		parse_cap(&cap, &add, capstring);
+		parse_cap(&cap, capstring);
 		if (CAP_TO_INDEX(cap) >= caps.u32s)
 			bb_error_msg_and_die("invalid capability cap");
-		if (add)
+
+		if (capstring[0] == '+')
 			caps.data[CAP_TO_INDEX(cap)].inheritable |= CAP_TO_MASK(cap);
 		else
 			caps.data[CAP_TO_INDEX(cap)].inheritable &= ~CAP_TO_MASK(cap);
@@ -379,6 +382,26 @@ static void set_inh_caps(char *capstring)
 	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
 		free(caps.data);
 }
+
+static void set_ambient_caps(char *string)
+{
+	char *cap;
+
+	cap = strtok(string, ",");
+	while (cap) {
+		unsigned long index;
+
+		parse_cap(&index, cap);
+		if (cap[0] == '+') {
+			if (prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_RAISE, index, 0, 0) < 0)
+				bb_perror_msg("cap_ambient_raise");
+		} else {
+			if (prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_LOWER, index, 0, 0) < 0)
+				bb_perror_msg("cap_ambient_lower");
+		}
+		cap = strtok(NULL, ",");
+	}
+}
 #endif /* FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES */
 
 int setpriv_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
@@ -392,14 +415,15 @@ int setpriv_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
 		"no-new-privs\0" No_argument		"\xff"
 		IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(
 		"inh-caps\0"     Required_argument	"\xfe"
+		"ambient-caps\0" Required_argument	"\xfd"
 		)
 		;
 	int opts;
-	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(char *inh_caps;)
+	IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES(char *inh_caps, *ambient_caps;)
 
 	applet_long_options = setpriv_longopts;
 	opts = getopt32(argv, "+"IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_DUMP("d")
-			IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES("\xfe:", &inh_caps));
+			IF_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES("\xfe:\xfd:", &inh_caps, &ambient_caps));
 	argv += optind;
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_SETPRIV_DUMP
@@ -417,6 +441,8 @@ int setpriv_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_SETPRIV_CAPABILITIES
 	if (opts & OPT_INH)
 		set_inh_caps(inh_caps);
+	if (opts & OPT_AMB)
+		set_ambient_caps(ambient_caps);
 #endif
 
 	if (!argv[0])