Added sfdisk. Ststic-ified a bunch of stuff.

1 files changed, 2880 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sfdisk.c b/sfdisk.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b67e69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sfdisk.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2880 @@
+/*
+ * sfdisk version 3.0 - aeb - 950813
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1995  Andries E. Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
+ *
+ * This program is free software. You can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation: either Version 1
+ * or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * A.V. Le Blanc (LeBlanc@mcc.ac.uk) wrote Linux fdisk 1992-1994,
+ * patched by various people (faith@cs.unc.edu, martin@cs.unc.edu,
+ * leisner@sdsp.mc.xerox.com, esr@snark.thyrsus.com, aeb@cwi.nl)
+ * 1993-1995, with version numbers (as far as I have seen) 0.93 - 2.0e.
+ * This program had (head,sector,cylinder) as basic unit, and was
+ * (therefore) broken in several ways for the use on larger disks -
+ * for example, my last patch (from 2.0d to 2.0e) was required
+ * to allow a partition to cross cylinder 8064, and to write an
+ * extended partition past the 4GB mark.
+ *
+ * The current program is a rewrite from scratch, and I started a
+ * version numbering at 3.0.
+ * 	Andries Brouwer, aeb@cwi.nl, 950813
+ *
+ * Well, a good user interface is still lacking. On the other hand,
+ * many configurations cannot be handled by any other fdisk.
+ * I changed the name to sfdisk to prevent confusion. - aeb, 970501
+ *
+ * Changes:
+ * 19990319 - Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@conectiva.com.br> - i18n
+ *
+ * busyboxed by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org> -- I stipped out
+ * all the NLS, pulled in some includes, and made stuff smaller...
+ */
+
+#define PROGNAME "sfdisk"
+#define VERSION "3.07"
+#define DATE "990908"
+
+#include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>		/* atoi, free */
+#include <stdarg.h>		/* varargs */
+#include <unistd.h>		/* read, write */
+#include <fcntl.h>		/* O_RDWR */
+#include <errno.h>		/* ERANGE */
+#include <string.h>		/* index() */
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <linux/unistd.h>	/* _syscall */
+#include <linux/hdreg.h>	/* HDIO_GETGEO */
+#include <linux/fs.h>		/* BLKGETSIZE */
+
+
+static const char sfdisk_usage[] =
+"Usage: sfdisk [options] device ...\n"
+"device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda\n"
+"useful options:\n"
+"    -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition\n"
+"    -c [or --id]:        print or change partition Id\n"
+"    -l [or --list]:      list partitions of each device\n"
+"    -d [or --dump]:      idem, but in a format suitable for later input\n"
+"    -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0\n"
+"    -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM:  accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB\n"
+"    -T [or --list-types]:list the known partition types\n"
+"    -D [or --DOS]:       for DOS-compatibility: waste a little space\n"
+"    -R [or --re-read]:   make kernel reread partition table\n"
+"    -N# :                change only the partition with number #\n"
+"    -n :                 do not actually write to disk\n"
+"    -O file :            save the sectors that will be overwritten to file\n"
+"    -I file :            restore these sectors again\n"
+"    -v [or --version]:   print version\n"
+"    -? [or --help]:      print this message\n"
+"dangerous options:\n"
+"    -g [or --show-geometry]: print the kernel's idea of the geometry\n"
+"    -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output\n\n"
+"                             or expect descriptors for them on input\n"
+"    -L  [or --Linux]:      do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux\n"
+"    -q  [or --quiet]:      suppress warning messages\n"
+"    You can override the detected geometry using:\n"
+"    -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use\n"
+"    -H# [or --heads #]:    set the number of heads to use\n"
+"    -S# [or --sectors #]:  set the number of sectors to use\n"
+"You can disable all consistency checking with:\n"
+"    -f  [or --force]:      do what I say, even if it is stupid\n";
+
+
+
+/* common stuff for fdisk, cfdisk, sfdisk */
+struct systypes {
+	unsigned char type;
+	char *name;
+};
+
+static struct systypes i386_sys_types[] = {
+	{0x00, "Empty"},
+	{0x01, "FAT12"},
+	{0x02, "XENIX root"},
+	{0x03, "XENIX usr"},
+	{0x04, "FAT16 <32M"},
+	{0x05, "Extended"},		/* DOS 3.3+ extended partition */
+	{0x06, "FAT16"},		/* DOS 16-bit >=32M */
+	{0x07, "HPFS/NTFS"},	/* OS/2 IFS, eg, HPFS or NTFS or QNX */
+	{0x08, "AIX"},		/* AIX boot (AIX -- PS/2 port or SplitDrive) */
+	{0x09, "AIX bootable"},	/* AIX data or Coherent */
+	{0x0a, "OS/2 Boot Manager"},/* OS/2 Boot Manager */
+	{0x0b, "Win95 FAT32"},
+	{0x0c, "Win95 FAT32 (LBA)"},/* LBA really is `Extended Int 13h' */
+	{0x0e, "Win95 FAT16 (LBA)"},
+	{0x0f, "Win95 Ext'd (LBA)"},
+	{0x10, "OPUS"},
+	{0x11, "Hidden FAT12"},
+	{0x12, "Compaq diagnostics"},
+	{0x14, "Hidden FAT16 <32M"},
+	{0x16, "Hidden FAT16"},
+	{0x17, "Hidden HPFS/NTFS"},
+	{0x18, "AST Windows swapfile"},
+	{0x1b, "Hidden Win95 FAT32"},
+	{0x1c, "Hidden Win95 FAT32 (LBA)"},
+	{0x1e, "Hidden Win95 FAT16 (LBA)"},
+	{0x24, "NEC DOS"},
+	{0x3c, "PartitionMagic recovery"},
+	{0x40, "Venix 80286"},
+	{0x41, "PPC PReP Boot"},
+	{0x42, "SFS"},
+	{0x4d, "QNX4.x"},
+	{0x4e, "QNX4.x 2nd part"},
+	{0x4f, "QNX4.x 3rd part"},
+	{0x50, "OnTrack DM"},
+	{0x51, "OnTrack DM6 Aux1"},	/* (or Novell) */
+	{0x52, "CP/M"},		/* CP/M or Microport SysV/AT */
+	{0x53, "OnTrack DM6 Aux3"},
+	{0x54, "OnTrackDM6"},
+	{0x55, "EZ-Drive"},
+	{0x56, "Golden Bow"},
+	{0x5c, "Priam Edisk"},
+	{0x61, "SpeedStor"},
+	{0x63, "GNU HURD or SysV"},	/* GNU HURD or Mach or Sys V/386 (such as ISC UNIX) */
+	{0x64, "Novell Netware 286"},
+	{0x65, "Novell Netware 386"},
+	{0x70, "DiskSecure Multi-Boot"},
+	{0x75, "PC/IX"},
+	{0x80, "Old Minix"},	/* Minix 1.4a and earlier */
+	{0x81, "Minix / old Linux"},/* Minix 1.4b and later */
+	{0x82, "Linux swap"},	/* also Solaris */
+	{0x83, "Linux"},
+	{0x84, "OS/2 hidden C: drive"},
+	{0x85, "Linux extended"},
+	{0x86, "NTFS volume set"},
+	{0x87, "NTFS volume set"},
+	{0x93, "Amoeba"},
+	{0x94, "Amoeba BBT"},	/* (bad block table) */
+	{0xa0, "IBM Thinkpad hibernation"},
+	{0xa5, "BSD/386"},
+	{0xa6, "OpenBSD"},
+	{0xa7, "NeXTSTEP"},
+	{0xb7, "BSDI fs"},
+	{0xb8, "BSDI swap"},
+	{0xc1, "DRDOS/sec (FAT-12)"},
+	{0xc4, "DRDOS/sec (FAT-16 < 32M)"},
+	{0xc6, "DRDOS/sec (FAT-16)"},
+	{0xc7, "Syrinx"},
+	{0xdb, "CP/M / CTOS / ..."},/* CP/M or Concurrent CP/M or Concurrent DOS or CTOS */
+	{0xe1, "DOS access"},	/* DOS access or SpeedStor 12-bit FAT extended partition */
+	{0xe3, "DOS R/O"},		/* DOS R/O or SpeedStor */
+	{0xe4, "SpeedStor"},	/* SpeedStor 16-bit FAT extended partition < 1024 cyl. */
+	{0xeb, "BeOS fs"},
+	{0xf1, "SpeedStor"},
+	{0xf4, "SpeedStor"},	/* SpeedStor large partition */
+	{0xf2, "DOS secondary"},	/* DOS 3.3+ secondary */
+	{0xfd, "Linux raid autodetect"},/* New (2.2.x) raid partition with autodetect
+					       using persistent superblock */
+	{0xfe, "LANstep"},		/* SpeedStor >1024 cyl. or LANstep */
+	{0xff, "BBT"},		/* Xenix Bad Block Table */
+	{ 0, 0 }
+};
+
+#define SIZE(a)	(sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]))
+
+/*
+ * Table of contents:
+ *  A. About seeking
+ *  B. About sectors
+ *  C. About heads, sectors and cylinders
+ *  D. About system Ids
+ *  E. About partitions
+ *  F. The standard input
+ *  G. The command line
+ *  H. Listing the current situation
+ *  I. Writing the new situation
+ */
+static int exit_status = 0;
+
+static int force = 0;		/* 1: do what I say, even if it is stupid ... */
+static int quiet = 0;		/* 1: suppress all warnings */
+static int Linux = 0;		/* 1: suppress warnings irrelevant for Linux */
+static int DOS = 0;		/* 1: shift extended partitions by #sectors, not 1 */
+static int dump = 0;           /* 1: list in a format suitable for later input */
+static int verify = 0;         /* 1: check that listed partition is reasonable */
+static int no_write = 0;	/* 1: do not actually write to disk */
+static int no_reread = 0;	/* 1: skip the BLKRRPART ioctl test at startup */
+static int leave_last = 0;	/* 1: don't allocate the last cylinder */
+static int opt_list = 0;
+static char *save_sector_file = NULL;
+static char *restore_sector_file = NULL;
+
+static void
+warn(char *s, ...) {
+    va_list p;
+
+    va_start(p, s);
+    fflush(stdout);
+    if (!quiet)
+      vfprintf (stderr, s, p);
+    va_end(p);
+}
+
+static void
+error(char *s, ...) {
+    va_list p;
+
+    va_start(p, s);
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n" PROGNAME ": ");
+    vfprintf(stderr, s, p);
+    va_end(p);
+}
+
+static void
+fatal(char *s, ...) {
+    va_list p;
+
+    va_start(p, s);
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n" PROGNAME ": ");
+    vfprintf(stderr, s, p);
+    va_end(p);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  A. About seeking
+ */
+
+/*
+ * sseek: seek to specified sector - return 0 on failure
+ *
+ * For >4GB disks lseek needs a > 32bit arg, and we have to use llseek.
+ * On the other hand, a 32 bit sector number is OK until 2TB.
+ * The routines _llseek and sseek below are the only ones that
+ * know about the loff_t type.
+ */
+#ifndef __alpha__
+static
+_syscall5(int,  _llseek,  uint,  fd, ulong, hi, ulong, lo,
+       loff_t *, res, uint, wh);
+#endif
+
+static int
+sseek(char *dev, unsigned int fd, unsigned long s) {
+    loff_t in, out;
+    in = ((loff_t) s << 9);
+    out = 1;
+
+#ifndef __alpha__
+    if (_llseek (fd, in>>32, in & 0xffffffff, &out, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
+#else
+	 if ((out = lseek(fd, in, SEEK_SET)) != in) {
+#endif
+	perror("llseek");
+	error("seek error on %s - cannot seek to %lu\n", dev, s);
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (in != out) {
+	error("seek error: wanted 0x%08x%08x, got 0x%08x%08x\n",
+	       (uint)(in>>32), (uint)(in & 0xffffffff),
+	       (uint)(out>>32), (uint)(out & 0xffffffff));
+	return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  B. About sectors
+ */
+
+/*
+ * We preserve all sectors read in a chain - some of these will
+ * have to be modified and written back.
+ */
+struct sector {
+    struct sector *next;
+    unsigned long sectornumber;
+    int to_be_written;
+    char data[512];
+} *sectorhead;
+
+static void
+free_sectors(void) {
+    struct sector *s;
+
+    while (sectorhead) {
+	s = sectorhead;
+	sectorhead = s->next;
+	free(s);
+    }
+}
+
+static struct sector *
+get_sector(char *dev, int fd, unsigned long sno) {
+    struct sector *s;
+
+    for(s = sectorhead; s; s = s->next)
+	if(s->sectornumber == sno)
+	    return s;
+
+    if (!sseek(dev, fd, sno))
+	return 0;
+
+    if (!(s = (struct sector *) malloc(sizeof(struct sector))))
+	fatal("out of memory - giving up\n");
+
+    if (read(fd, s->data, sizeof(s->data)) != sizeof(s->data)) {
+	perror("read");
+	error("read error on %s - cannot read sector %lu\n", dev, sno);
+	free(s);
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    s->next = sectorhead;
+    sectorhead = s;
+    s->sectornumber = sno;
+    s->to_be_written = 0;
+
+    return s;
+}
+
+static int
+msdos_signature (struct sector *s) {
+    if (*(unsigned short *) (s->data + 0x1fe) != 0xaa55) {
+	error("ERROR: sector %lu does not have an msdos signature\n",
+	       s->sectornumber);
+	return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+write_sectors(char *dev, int fd) {
+    struct sector *s;
+
+    for (s = sectorhead; s; s = s->next)
+	if (s->to_be_written) {
+	    if (!sseek(dev, fd, s->sectornumber))
+		return 0;
+	    if (write(fd, s->data, sizeof(s->data)) != sizeof(s->data)) {
+		perror("write");
+		error("write error on %s - cannot write sector %lu\n",
+		       dev, s->sectornumber);
+		return 0;
+	    }
+	    s->to_be_written = 0;
+	}
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void
+ulong_to_chars(unsigned long u, char *uu) {
+    int i;
+
+    for(i=0; i<4; i++) {
+	uu[i] = (u & 0xff);
+	u >>= 8;
+    }
+}
+
+static unsigned long
+chars_to_ulong(unsigned char *uu) {
+    int i;
+    unsigned long u = 0;
+
+    for(i=3; i>=0; i--)
+	u = (u << 8) | uu[i];
+    return u;
+}
+
+static int
+save_sectors(char *dev, int fdin) {
+    struct sector *s;
+    char ss[516];
+    int fdout;
+
+    fdout = open(save_sector_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0444);
+    if (fdout < 0) {
+	perror(save_sector_file);
+	error("cannot open partition sector save file (%s)\n",
+	       save_sector_file);
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    for (s = sectorhead; s; s = s->next)
+	if (s->to_be_written) {
+	    ulong_to_chars(s->sectornumber, ss);
+	    if (!sseek(dev, fdin, s->sectornumber))
+		return 0;
+	    if (read(fdin, ss+4, 512) != 512) {
+		perror("read");
+		error("read error on %s - cannot read sector %lu\n",
+		       dev, s->sectornumber);
+		return 0;
+	    }
+	    if (write(fdout, ss, sizeof(ss)) != sizeof(ss)) {
+		perror("write");
+		error("write error on %s\n"), save_sector_file;
+		return 0;
+	    }
+	}
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void reread_disk_partition(char *dev, int fd);
+
+static int
+restore_sectors(char *dev) {
+    int fdin, fdout, ct;
+    struct stat statbuf;
+    char *ss0, *ss;
+    unsigned long sno;
+
+    if (stat(restore_sector_file, &statbuf) < 0) {
+	perror(restore_sector_file);
+	error("cannot stat partition restore file (%s)\n",
+	       restore_sector_file);
+	return 0;
+    }
+    if (statbuf.st_size % 516) {
+	error("partition restore file has wrong size - not restoring\n");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    if (!(ss = (char *) malloc(statbuf.st_size))) {
+	error("out of memory?\n");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    fdin = open(restore_sector_file, O_RDONLY);
+    if (fdin < 0) {
+	perror(restore_sector_file);
+	error("cannot open partition restore file (%s)\n",
+	       restore_sector_file);
+	return 0;
+    }
+    if (read(fdin, ss, statbuf.st_size) != statbuf.st_size) {
+	perror("read");
+	error("error reading %s\n"), restore_sector_file;
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    fdout = open(dev, O_WRONLY);
+    if (fdout < 0) {
+	perror(dev);
+	error("cannot open device %s for writing\n"), dev;
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    ss0 = ss;
+    ct = statbuf.st_size/516;
+    while(ct--) {
+	sno = chars_to_ulong(ss);
+	if (!sseek(dev, fdout, sno))
+	  return 0;
+	if (write(fdout, ss+4, 512) != 512) {
+	    perror(dev);
+	    error("error writing sector %lu on %s\n", sno, dev);
+	    return 0;
+	}
+	ss += 516;
+    }
+    free(ss0);
+
+    reread_disk_partition(dev, fdout);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  C. About heads, sectors and cylinders
+ */
+
+/*
+ * <linux/hdreg.h> defines HDIO_GETGEO and
+ * struct hd_geometry {
+ *      unsigned char heads;
+ *      unsigned char sectors;
+ *      unsigned short cylinders;
+ *      unsigned long start;
+ * };
+ */
+
+/*
+ * We consider several geometries for a disk:
+ * B - the BIOS geometry, gotten from the kernel via HDIO_GETGEO
+ * F - the fdisk geometry
+ * U - the user-specified geometry
+ *
+ * 0 means unspecified / unknown
+ */
+struct geometry {
+	unsigned long cylindersize;
+	unsigned long heads, sectors, cylinders;
+} B, F, U;
+
+static void
+get_cylindersize(char *dev, int fd, int silent) {
+    struct hd_geometry g;
+    int ioctl_ok = 0;
+
+    B.heads = B.sectors = B.cylinders = 0;
+
+    if (!ioctl(fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &g)) {
+	ioctl_ok = 1;
+
+	B.heads = g.heads;
+	B.sectors = g.sectors;
+	B.cylinders = g.cylinders;
+    }
+
+    if (U.heads)
+      B.heads = U.heads;
+    if (U.sectors)
+      B.sectors = U.sectors;
+    if (U.cylinders)
+      B.cylinders = U.cylinders;
+
+    B.cylindersize = B.heads * B.sectors;
+
+    if (ioctl_ok) {
+	if (g.start && !force) {
+	    warn(
+		 "Warning: start=%d - this looks like a partition rather than\n"
+		 "the entire disk. Using fdisk on it is probably meaningless.\n"
+		 "[Use the --force option if you really want this]\n", g.start);
+	    exit(1);
+	}
+	if (B.heads != g.heads)
+	  warn("Warning: HDIO_GETGEO says that there are %d heads\n",
+	       g.heads);
+	if (B.sectors != g.sectors)
+	  warn("Warning: HDIO_GETGEO says that there are %d sectors\n",
+	       g.sectors);
+	if (B.cylinders != g.cylinders)
+	  warn("Warning: HDIO_GETGEO says that there are %d cylinders\n",
+	       g.cylinders);
+    } else if (!silent)
+      if (!B.heads || !B.sectors || !B.cylinders)
+	printf("Disk %s: cannot get geometry\n", dev);
+    if (B.sectors > 63)
+      warn("Warning: unlikely number of sectors (%d - usually at most 63\n"
+	   "This will give problems with all software that uses C/H/S addressing.\n",
+	   B.sectors);
+    if (!silent)
+      printf("\nDisk %s: %lu cylinders, %lu heads, %lu sectors/track\n",
+	     dev, B.cylinders, B.heads, B.sectors);
+}
+
+typedef struct { unsigned char h,s,c; } chs; /* has some c bits in s */
+static chs zero_chs = { 0,0,0 };
+
+typedef struct { unsigned long h,s,c; } longchs;
+static longchs zero_longchs;
+
+static chs
+longchs_to_chs (longchs aa, struct geometry G) {
+    chs a;
+
+    if (aa.h < 256 && aa.s < 64 && aa.c < 1024) {
+	a.h = aa.h;
+	a.s = aa.s | ((aa.c >> 2) & 0xc0);
+	a.c = (aa.c & 0xff);
+    } else if (G.heads && G.sectors) {
+	a.h = G.heads - 1;
+	a.s = G.sectors | 0xc0;
+	a.c = 0xff;
+    } else
+        a = zero_chs;
+    return a;
+}
+
+static longchs
+chs_to_longchs (chs a) {
+    longchs aa;
+
+    aa.h = a.h;
+    aa.s = (a.s & 0x3f);
+    aa.c = (a.s & 0xc0);
+    aa.c = (aa.c << 2) + a.c;
+    return aa;
+}
+
+static longchs
+ulong_to_longchs (unsigned long sno, struct geometry G) {
+    longchs aa;
+
+    if (G.heads && G.sectors && G.cylindersize) {
+	aa.s = 1 + sno % G.sectors;
+	aa.h = (sno / G.sectors) % G.heads;
+	aa.c = sno / G.cylindersize;
+	return aa;
+    } else {
+	return zero_longchs;
+    }
+}
+
+//static unsigned long
+//longchs_to_ulong (longchs aa, struct geometry G) {
+//    return (aa.c*G.cylindersize + aa.h*G.sectors + aa.s - 1);
+//}
+
+static chs
+ulong_to_chs (unsigned long sno, struct geometry G) {
+    return longchs_to_chs(ulong_to_longchs(sno, G), G);
+}
+
+//static unsigned long
+//chs_to_ulong (chs a, struct geometry G) {
+//    return longchs_to_ulong(chs_to_longchs(a), G);
+//}
+
+static int
+is_equal_chs (chs a, chs b) {
+    return (a.h == b.h && a.s == b.s && a.c == b.c);
+}
+
+static int
+chs_ok (chs a, char *v, char *w) {
+    longchs aa = chs_to_longchs(a);
+    int ret = 1;
+
+    if (is_equal_chs(a, zero_chs))
+      return 1;
+    if (B.heads && aa.h >= B.heads) {
+	warn("%s of partition %s has impossible value for head: "
+	     "%d (should be in 0-%d)\n", w, v, aa.h, B.heads-1);
+	ret = 0;
+    }
+    if (B.sectors && (aa.s == 0 || aa.s > B.sectors)) {
+	warn("%s of partition %s has impossible value for sector: "
+	     "%d (should be in 1-%d)\n", w, v, aa.s, B.sectors);
+	ret = 0;
+    }
+    if (B.cylinders && aa.c >= B.cylinders) {
+	warn("%s of partition %s has impossible value for cylinders: "
+	     "%d (should be in 0-%d)\n", w, v, aa.c, B.cylinders-1);
+	ret = 0;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  D. About system Ids
+ */
+
+#define EMPTY_PARTITION		0
+#define EXTENDED_PARTITION	5
+#define WIN98_EXTENDED		0x0f
+#define DM6_AUX1PARTITION	0x51
+#define DM6_AUX3PARTITION	0x53
+#define DM6_PARTITION		0x54
+#define EZD_PARTITION		0x55
+#define LINUX_SWAP              0x82
+#define LINUX_NATIVE	        0x83
+#define LINUX_EXTENDED		0x85
+#define BSD_PARTITION		0xa5
+
+/* List of partition types now in i386_sys_types.c */
+
+static const char *
+sysname(unsigned char type) {
+    struct systypes *s;
+
+    for (s = i386_sys_types; s->name; s++)
+      if (s->type == type)
+	return s->name;
+    return "Unknown";
+}
+
+static void
+list_types(void) {
+    struct systypes *s;
+
+    printf("Id  Name\n\n");
+    for (s = i386_sys_types; s->name; s++)
+      printf("%2x  %s\n", s->type, s->name);
+}
+
+static int
+is_extended(unsigned char type) {
+	return (type == EXTENDED_PARTITION
+		|| type == LINUX_EXTENDED
+		|| type == WIN98_EXTENDED);
+}
+
+static int
+is_bsd(unsigned char type) {
+	return (type == BSD_PARTITION);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  E. About partitions
+ */
+
+/* MS/DOS partition */
+
+struct partition {
+    unsigned char bootable;		/* 0 or 0x80 */
+    chs begin_chs;
+    unsigned char sys_type;
+    chs end_chs;
+    unsigned int start_sect;	/* starting sector counting from 0 */
+    unsigned int nr_sects;		/* nr of sectors in partition */
+};
+
+/* Unfortunately, partitions are not aligned, and non-Intel machines
+   are unhappy with non-aligned integers. So, we need a copy by hand. */
+static int
+copy_to_int(unsigned char *cp) {
+    unsigned int m;
+
+    m = *cp++;
+    m += (*cp++ << 8);
+    m += (*cp++ << 16);
+    m += (*cp++ << 24);
+    return m;
+}
+
+static void
+copy_from_int(int m, char *cp) {
+    *cp++ = (m & 0xff); m >>= 8;
+    *cp++ = (m & 0xff); m >>= 8;
+    *cp++ = (m & 0xff); m >>= 8;
+    *cp++ = (m & 0xff);
+}
+
+static void
+copy_to_part(char *cp, struct partition *p) {
+    p->bootable = *cp++;
+    p->begin_chs.h = *cp++;
+    p->begin_chs.s = *cp++;
+    p->begin_chs.c = *cp++;
+    p->sys_type = *cp++;
+    p->end_chs.h = *cp++;
+    p->end_chs.s = *cp++;
+    p->end_chs.c = *cp++;
+    p->start_sect = copy_to_int(cp);
+    p->nr_sects = copy_to_int(cp+4);
+}
+
+static void
+copy_from_part(struct partition *p, char *cp) {
+    *cp++ = p->bootable;
+    *cp++ = p->begin_chs.h;
+    *cp++ = p->begin_chs.s;
+    *cp++ = p->begin_chs.c;
+    *cp++ = p->sys_type;
+    *cp++ = p->end_chs.h;
+    *cp++ = p->end_chs.s;
+    *cp++ = p->end_chs.c;
+    copy_from_int(p->start_sect, cp);
+    copy_from_int(p->nr_sects, cp+4);
+}
+
+/* Roughly speaking, Linux doesn't use any of the above fields except
+   for partition type, start sector and number of sectors. (However,
+   see also linux/drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.)
+   The only way partition type is used (in the kernel) is the comparison
+   for equality with EXTENDED_PARTITION (and these Disk Manager types). */
+
+struct part_desc {
+    unsigned long start;
+    unsigned long size;
+    unsigned long sector, offset; /* disk location of this info */
+    struct partition p;
+    struct part_desc *ep;	  /* extended partition containing this one */
+    int ptype;
+#define DOS_TYPE	0
+#define BSD_TYPE	1
+} zero_part_desc;
+
+struct part_desc *
+outer_extended_partition(struct part_desc *p) {
+    while (p->ep)
+      p = p->ep;
+    return p;
+}
+
+static int
+is_parent(struct part_desc *pp, struct part_desc *p) {
+    while (p) {
+	if (pp == p)
+	  return 1;
+	p = p->ep;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+struct disk_desc {
+    struct part_desc partitions[128];
+    int partno;
+} oldp, newp;
+
+/* determine where on the disk this information goes */
+static void
+add_sector_and_offset(struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int pno;
+    struct part_desc *p;
+
+    for (pno = 0; pno < z->partno; pno++) {
+	p = &(z->partitions[pno]);
+	p->offset = 0x1be + (pno%4)*sizeof(struct partition);
+	p->sector = (p->ep ? p->ep->start : 0);
+    }
+}
+
+/* tell the kernel to reread the partition tables */
+static int
+reread_ioctl(int fd) {
+    if(ioctl(fd, BLKRRPART)) {
+	perror("BLKRRPART");
+	return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+is_blockdev(int fd) {
+    struct stat statbuf;
+
+    return(fstat(fd, &statbuf) == 0 && S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode));
+}
+
+/* reread after writing */
+static void
+reread_disk_partition(char *dev, int fd) {
+    printf("Re-reading the partition table ...\n");
+    fflush(stdout);
+    sync();
+    sleep(3);			/* superfluous since 1.3.20 */
+
+    if(reread_ioctl(fd) && is_blockdev(fd))
+      printf("The command to re-read the partition table failed\n"
+	     "Reboot your system now, before using mkfs\n");
+
+    if (close(fd)) {
+	perror(dev);
+	printf("Error closing %s\n", dev);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+/* find Linux name of this partition, assuming that it will have a name */
+static int
+index_to_linux(int pno, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int i, ct = 1;
+    struct part_desc *p = &(z->partitions[0]);
+    for (i=0; i<pno; i++,p++)
+	if(i < 4 || (p->size > 0 && !is_extended(p->p.sys_type)))
+	  ct++;
+    return ct;
+}
+
+static int
+linux_to_index(int lpno, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int i, ct = 0;
+    struct part_desc *p = &(z->partitions[0]);
+    for (i=0; i<z->partno && ct < lpno; i++,p++)
+      if((i < 4 || (p->size > 0 && !is_extended(p->p.sys_type)))
+	 && ++ct == lpno)
+	return i;
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+asc_to_index(char *pnam, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int pnum, pno;
+
+    if (*pnam == '#') {
+	pno = atoi(pnam+1);
+    } else {
+	pnum = atoi(pnam);
+	pno = linux_to_index(pnum, z);
+    }
+    if (!(pno >= 0 && pno < z->partno))
+      fatal("%s: no such partition\n"), pnam;
+    return pno;
+}
+
+/*
+ * List partitions - in terms of sectors, blocks or cylinders
+ */
+#define F_SECTOR   1
+#define F_BLOCK    2
+#define F_CYLINDER 3
+#define F_MEGABYTE 4
+
+static int default_format = F_MEGABYTE;
+static int specified_format = 0;
+static int show_extended = 0;
+static int one_only = 0;
+static int one_only_pno;
+static int increment = 0;
+
+static void
+set_format(char c) {
+    switch(c) {
+      default:
+	printf("unrecognized format - using sectors\n");
+      case 'S': specified_format = F_SECTOR; break;
+      case 'B': specified_format = F_BLOCK; break;
+      case 'C': specified_format = F_CYLINDER; break;
+      case 'M': specified_format = F_MEGABYTE; break;
+    }
+}
+
+static unsigned long
+unitsize(int format) {
+    default_format = (B.cylindersize ? F_CYLINDER : F_MEGABYTE);
+    if (!format && !(format = specified_format))
+      format = default_format;
+
+    switch(format) {
+      default:
+      case F_CYLINDER:
+	if(B.cylindersize)
+	  return B.cylindersize;
+      case F_SECTOR:
+	return 1;
+      case F_BLOCK:
+	return 2;
+      case F_MEGABYTE:
+	return 2048;
+    }
+}
+
+static unsigned long
+get_disksize(int format) {
+    unsigned long cs = B.cylinders;
+    if (cs && leave_last)
+      cs--;
+    return (cs * B.cylindersize) / unitsize(format);
+}
+
+static void
+out_partition_header(char *dev, int format, struct geometry G) {
+    if (dump) {
+	printf("# partition table of %s\n", dev);
+	printf("unit: sectors\n\n");
+	return;
+    }
+
+    default_format = (G.cylindersize ? F_CYLINDER : F_MEGABYTE);
+    if (!format && !(format = specified_format))
+      format = default_format;
+
+    switch(format) {
+      default:
+	printf("unimplemented format - using %s\n",
+	       G.cylindersize ? "cylinders" : "sectors");
+      case F_CYLINDER:
+	if (G.cylindersize) {
+	  printf("Units = cylinders of %lu bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes"
+		 ", counting from %d\n\n",
+		 G.cylindersize<<9, increment);
+	    printf("   Device Boot Start     End   #cyls   #blocks   Id  System\n");
+	    break;
+	}
+	/* fall through */
+      case F_SECTOR:
+	printf("Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from %d\n\n",
+	       increment);
+	printf("   Device Boot    Start       End  #sectors  Id  System\n");
+	break;
+      case F_BLOCK:
+	printf("Units = blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from %d\n\n",
+	       increment);
+	printf("   Device Boot   Start       End   #blocks   Id  System\n");
+	break;
+      case F_MEGABYTE:
+	printf("Units = megabytes of 1048576 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes"
+	       ", counting from %d\n\n", increment);
+	printf("   Device Boot Start   End     MB   #blocks   Id  System\n");
+	break;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+out_rounddown(int width, unsigned long n, unsigned long unit, int inc) {
+    printf("%*lu", width, inc + n/unit);
+    if (unit != 1)
+      putchar((n % unit) ? '+' : ' ');
+    putchar(' ');
+}
+
+static void
+out_roundup(int width, unsigned long n, unsigned long unit, int inc) {
+    if (n == (unsigned long)(-1))
+      printf("%*s", width, "-");
+    else
+      printf("%*lu", width, inc + n/unit);
+    if (unit != 1)
+      putchar(((n+1) % unit) ? '-' : ' ');
+    putchar(' ');
+}
+
+static void
+out_roundup_size(int width, unsigned long n, unsigned long unit) {
+    printf("%*lu", width, (n+unit-1)/unit);
+    if (unit != 1)
+      putchar((n % unit) ? '-' : ' ');
+    putchar(' ');
+}
+
+static int
+get_fdisk_geometry(struct part_desc *p) {
+    chs b = p->p.end_chs;
+    longchs bb = chs_to_longchs(b);
+    F.heads = bb.h+1;
+    F.sectors = bb.s;
+    F.cylindersize = F.heads*F.sectors;
+    return (F.sectors != B.sectors || F.heads != B.heads);
+}
+
+static void
+out_partition(char *dev, int format, struct part_desc *p,
+	      struct disk_desc *z, struct geometry G) {
+    unsigned long start, end, size;
+    int pno, lpno;
+
+    if (!format && !(format = specified_format))
+      format = default_format;
+
+    pno = p - &(z->partitions[0]); 	/* our index */
+    lpno = index_to_linux(pno, z); 	/* name of next one that has a name */
+    if(pno == linux_to_index(lpno, z))  /* was that us? */
+      printf("%8s%-2u", dev, lpno);     /* yes */
+    else if(show_extended)
+      printf("    -     ");
+    else
+      return;
+    putchar(dump ? ':' : ' ');
+
+    start = p->start;
+    end = p->start + p->size - 1;
+    size = p->size;
+
+    if (dump) {
+	printf(" start=%9lu", start);
+	printf(", size=%8lu", size);
+	if (p->ptype == DOS_TYPE) {
+	    printf(", Id=%2x", p->p.sys_type);
+	    if (p->p.bootable == 0x80)
+		printf(", bootable");
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	return;
+    }
+
+    if(p->ptype != DOS_TYPE || p->p.bootable == 0)
+      printf("   ");
+    else if(p->p.bootable == 0x80)
+      printf(" * ");
+    else
+      printf(" ? ");		/* garbage */
+
+    switch(format) {
+      case F_CYLINDER:
+	if (G.cylindersize) {
+	    out_rounddown(6, start, G.cylindersize, increment);
+	    out_roundup(6, end, G.cylindersize, increment);
+	    out_roundup_size(6, size, G.cylindersize);
+	    out_rounddown(8, size, 2, 0);
+	    break;
+	}
+	/* fall through */
+      default:
+      case F_SECTOR:
+	out_rounddown(9, start, 1, increment);
+	out_roundup(9, end, 1, increment);
+	out_rounddown(9, size, 1, 0);
+	break;
+      case F_BLOCK:
+#if 0
+	printf("%8lu,%3lu ",
+	       p->sector/2, ((p->sector & 1) ? 512 : 0) + p->offset);
+#endif
+	out_rounddown(8, start, 2, increment);
+	out_roundup(8, end, 2, increment);
+	out_rounddown(8, size, 2, 0);
+	break;
+      case F_MEGABYTE:
+	out_rounddown(5, start, 2048, increment);
+	out_roundup(5, end, 2048, increment);
+	out_roundup_size(5, size, 2048);
+	out_rounddown(8, size, 2, 0);
+	break;
+    }
+    if (p->ptype == DOS_TYPE) {
+        printf(" %2x  %s\n",
+	   p->p.sys_type, sysname(p->p.sys_type));
+    } else {
+	printf("\n");
+    }
+
+    /* Is chs as we expect? */
+    if (!quiet && p->ptype == DOS_TYPE) {
+	chs a, b;
+	longchs aa, bb;
+	a = (size ? ulong_to_chs(start,G) : zero_chs);
+	b = p->p.begin_chs;
+	aa = chs_to_longchs(a);
+	bb = chs_to_longchs(b);
+	if(a.s && !is_equal_chs(a, b))
+	  printf("\t\tstart: (c,h,s) expected (%ld,%ld,%ld) found (%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
+		 aa.c, aa.h, aa.s, bb.c, bb.h, bb.s);
+	a = (size ? ulong_to_chs(end,G) : zero_chs);
+	b = p->p.end_chs;
+	aa = chs_to_longchs(a);
+	bb = chs_to_longchs(b);
+	if(a.s && !is_equal_chs(a, b))
+	  printf("\t\tend: (c,h,s) expected (%ld,%ld,%ld) found (%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
+		 aa.c, aa.h, aa.s, bb.c, bb.h, bb.s);
+	if(G.cylinders && G.cylinders < 1024 && bb.c > G.cylinders)
+	  printf("partition ends on cylinder %ld, beyond the end of the disk\n",
+	       bb.c);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+out_partitions(char *dev, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    struct part_desc *p;
+    int pno, format = 0;
+
+    if (z->partno == 0)
+	printf("No partitions found\n");
+    else {
+	for (pno=0; pno < z->partno; pno++) {
+	    p = &(z->partitions[pno]);
+	    if (p->size != 0 && p->p.sys_type != 0) {
+		if (get_fdisk_geometry(p))
+		    printf(
+		   "Warning: The first partition looks like it was made\n"
+		     "  for C/H/S=*/%ld/%ld (instead of %ld/%ld/%ld).\n"
+		     "For this listing I'll assume that geometry.\n",
+		   F.heads, F.sectors, B.cylinders, B.heads, B.sectors);
+		break;
+	    }
+	}
+	out_partition_header(dev, format, F);
+	for(pno=0; pno < z->partno; pno++) {
+	    out_partition(dev, format, &(z->partitions[pno]), z, F);
+	    if(show_extended && pno%4==3)
+	      printf("\n");
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+disj(struct part_desc *p, struct part_desc *q) {
+    return
+      ((p->start + p->size <= q->start)
+	|| (is_extended(p->p.sys_type)
+	    && q->start + q->size <= p->start + p->size));
+}
+
+static char *
+pnumber(struct part_desc *p, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    static char buf[20];
+    int this, next;
+    struct part_desc *p0 = &(z->partitions[0]);
+
+    this = index_to_linux(p-p0, z);
+    next = index_to_linux(p-p0+1, z);
+
+    if (next > this)
+      sprintf(buf, "%d", this);
+    else
+      sprintf(buf, "[%d]", this);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+static int
+partitions_ok(struct disk_desc *z) {
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]), *p, *q;
+    int partno = z->partno;
+
+#define PNO(p) pnumber(p, z)
+
+    /* Have at least 4 partitions been defined? */
+    if (partno < 4) {
+         if (!partno)
+	      fatal("no partition table present.\n");
+	 else
+	      fatal("strange, only %d partitions defined.\n"), partno;
+	 return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Are the partitions of size 0 marked empty?
+       And do they have start = 0? And bootable = 0? */
+    for (p = partitions; p - partitions < partno; p++)
+      if (p->size == 0) {
+	  if(p->p.sys_type != EMPTY_PARTITION)
+	    warn("Warning: partition %s has size 0 but is not marked Empty\n",
+		 PNO(p));
+	  else if(p->p.bootable != 0)
+	    warn("Warning: partition %s has size 0 and is bootable\n",
+		 PNO(p));
+	  else if(p->p.start_sect != 0)
+	    warn("Warning: partition %s has size 0 and nonzero start\n",
+		 PNO(p));
+	  /* all this is probably harmless, no error return */
+      }
+
+    /* Are the logical partitions contained in their extended partitions? */
+    for (p = partitions+4; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+      if (p->ptype == DOS_TYPE)
+      if (p->size && !is_extended(p->p.sys_type)) {
+	  q = p->ep;
+	  if (p->start < q->start || p->start + p->size > q->start + q->size) {
+	      warn("Warning: partition %s "), PNO(p);
+	      warn("is not contained in partition %s\n"), PNO(q);
+	      return 0;
+	  }
+      }
+
+    /* Are the data partitions mutually disjoint? */
+    for (p = partitions; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+      if (p->size && !is_extended(p->p.sys_type))
+	for (q = p+1; q < partitions+partno; q++)
+	  if (q->size && !is_extended(q->p.sys_type))
+	    if(!((p->start > q-> start) ? disj(q,p) : disj(p,q))) {
+		warn("Warning: partitions %s "), PNO(p);
+		warn("and %s overlap\n"), PNO(q);
+		return 0;
+	    }
+
+    /* Are the data partitions and the extended partition
+       table sectors disjoint? */
+    for (p = partitions; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+      if (p->size && !is_extended(p->p.sys_type))
+        for (q = partitions; q < partitions+partno; q++)
+          if (is_extended(q->p.sys_type))
+            if (p->start <= q->start && p->start + p->size > q->start) {
+                warn("Warning: partition %s contains part of ", PNO(p));
+		warn("the partition table (sector %lu),\n", q->start);
+		warn("and will destroy it when filled\n");
+		return 0;
+	    }
+
+    /* Do they start past zero and end before end-of-disk? */
+    { unsigned long ds = get_disksize(F_SECTOR);
+    for (p = partitions; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+      if (p->size) {
+	  if(p->start == 0) {
+	      warn("Warning: partition %s starts at sector 0\n", PNO(p));
+	      return 0;
+          }
+          if (p->size && p->start + p->size > ds) {
+	      warn("Warning: partition %s extends past end of disk\n", PNO(p));
+	      return 0;
+          }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* At most one chain of DOS extended partitions ? */
+    /* It seems that the OS/2 fdisk has the additional requirement
+       that the extended partition must be the fourth one */
+    { int ect = 0;
+      for (p = partitions; p < partitions+4; p++)
+	if (p->p.sys_type == EXTENDED_PARTITION)
+	  ect++;
+      if (ect > 1 && !Linux) {
+	  warn("Among the primary partitions, at most one can be extended\n");
+	  warn(" (although this is not a problem under Linux)\n");
+	  return 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Do all partitions start at a cylinder boundary ?
+     * (this is not required for Linux)
+     * The first partition starts after MBR.
+     * Logical partitions start slightly after the containing extended partn.
+     */
+    if (B.cylindersize) {
+	for(p = partitions; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+	  if (p->size) {
+	      if(p->start % B.cylindersize != 0
+		 && (!p->ep || p->start / B.cylindersize != p->ep->start / B.cylindersize)
+		 && (p->p.start_sect >= B.cylindersize)) {
+		  warn("Warning: partition %s does not start "
+		       "at a cylinder boundary\n", PNO(p));
+		  if (!Linux)
+		    return 0;
+	      }
+	      if((p->start + p->size) % B.cylindersize) {
+		  warn("Warning: partition %s does not end "
+		       "at a cylinder boundary\n", PNO(p));
+		  if (!Linux)
+		    return 0;
+	      }
+	  }
+    }
+
+    /* Usually, one can boot only from primary partitions. */
+    /* In fact, from a unique one only. */
+    /* do not warn about bootable extended partitions -
+       often LILO is there */
+    { int pno = -1;
+    for(p = partitions; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+      if (p->p.bootable) {
+	  if (pno == -1)
+	    pno = p - partitions;
+	  else if (p - partitions < 4) {
+	      warn("Warning: more than one primary partition is marked "
+		   "bootable (active)\n"
+		   "This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will "
+		   "not boot this disk.\n");
+	      break;
+          }
+	  if (p - partitions >= 4) {
+	      warn("Warning: usually one can boot from primary partitions "
+		   "only\nLILO disregards the `bootable' flag.\n");
+	      break;
+          }
+      }
+      if (pno == -1 || pno >= 4)
+	warn("Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active)\n"
+	     "This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will "
+	     "not boot this disk.\n");
+    }
+
+    /* Is chs as we expect? */
+    for(p = partitions; p < partitions+partno; p++)
+      if(p->ptype == DOS_TYPE) {
+	chs a, b;
+	longchs aa, bb;
+	a = p->size ? ulong_to_chs(p->start,B) : zero_chs;
+	b = p->p.begin_chs;
+	aa = chs_to_longchs(a);
+	bb = chs_to_longchs(b);
+	if (!chs_ok(b, PNO(p), "start"))
+	  return 0;
+	if(a.s && !is_equal_chs(a, b))
+	  warn("partition %s: start: (c,h,s) expected (%ld,%ld,%ld) found (%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
+	       PNO(p), aa.c, aa.h, aa.s, bb.c, bb.h, bb.s);
+	a = p->size ? ulong_to_chs(p->start + p->size - 1, B) : zero_chs;
+	b = p->p.end_chs;
+	aa = chs_to_longchs(a);
+	bb = chs_to_longchs(b);
+	if (!chs_ok(b, PNO(p), "end"))
+	  return 0;
+	if(a.s && !is_equal_chs(a, b))
+	  warn("partition %s: end: (c,h,s) expected (%ld,%ld,%ld) found (%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
+	       PNO(p), aa.c, aa.h, aa.s, bb.c, bb.h, bb.s);
+	if(B.cylinders && B.cylinders < 1024 && bb.c > B.cylinders)
+	  warn("partition %s ends on cylinder %ld, beyond the end of the disk\n",
+	       PNO(p), bb.c);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+
+#undef PNO
+}
+
+static void
+extended_partition(char *dev, int fd, struct part_desc *ep, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    char *cp;
+    struct sector *s;
+    unsigned long start, here, next;
+    int i, moretodo = 1;
+    struct partition p;
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]);
+    int pno = z->partno;
+
+    here = start = ep->start;
+
+    while (moretodo) {
+	moretodo = 0;
+
+	if (!(s = get_sector(dev, fd, here)))
+	    break;
+
+	if (!msdos_signature(s))
+	    break;
+
+	cp = s->data + 0x1be;
+
+	if (pno+4 >= SIZE(z->partitions)) {
+	    printf("too many partitions - ignoring those past nr (%d)\n",
+		   pno-1);
+	    break;
+	}
+
+	next = 0;
+
+	for (i=0; i<4; i++,cp += sizeof(struct partition)) {
+	    partitions[pno].sector = here;
+	    partitions[pno].offset = cp - s->data;
+	    partitions[pno].ep = ep;
+	    copy_to_part(cp,&p);
+	    if (is_extended(p.sys_type)) {
+		partitions[pno].start = start + p.start_sect;
+		if (next)
+		  printf("tree of partitions?\n");
+		else
+		  next = partitions[pno].start;		/* follow `upper' branch */
+		moretodo = 1;
+	    } else {
+		partitions[pno].start = here + p.start_sect;
+	    }
+	    partitions[pno].size = p.nr_sects;
+	    partitions[pno].ptype = DOS_TYPE;
+	    partitions[pno].p = p;
+	    pno++;
+        }
+	here = next;
+    }
+
+    z->partno = pno;
+}
+
+#define BSD_DISKMAGIC   (0x82564557UL)
+#define BSD_MAXPARTITIONS       8
+#define BSD_FS_UNUSED           0
+typedef unsigned char u8;
+typedef unsigned short u16;
+typedef unsigned int u32;
+struct bsd_disklabel {
+	u32	d_magic;
+	char	d_junk1[4];
+        char    d_typename[16];
+        char    d_packname[16];
+	char	d_junk2[92];
+        u32	d_magic2;
+	char	d_junk3[2];
+        u16	d_npartitions;          /* number of partitions in following */
+	char	d_junk4[8];
+     struct  bsd_partition {         /* the partition table */
+                u32   p_size;         /* number of sectors in partition */
+                u32   p_offset;       /* starting sector */
+                u32   p_fsize;        /* filesystem basic fragment size */
+                u8    p_fstype;       /* filesystem type, see below */
+                u8    p_frag;         /* filesystem fragments per block */
+                u16   p_cpg;          /* filesystem cylinders per group */
+     } d_partitions[BSD_MAXPARTITIONS];      /* actually may be more */
+};
+
+static void
+bsd_partition(char *dev, int fd, struct part_desc *ep, struct disk_desc *z) {
+	struct bsd_disklabel *l;
+	struct bsd_partition *bp, *bp0;
+	unsigned long start = ep->start;
+	struct sector *s;
+	struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]);
+	int pno = z->partno;
+
+	if (!(s = get_sector(dev,fd,start+1)))
+		return;
+	l = (struct bsd_disklabel *) (s->data);
+	if (l->d_magic != BSD_DISKMAGIC)
+		return;
+
+	bp = bp0 = &l->d_partitions[0];
+	while (bp - bp0 <= BSD_MAXPARTITIONS) {
+		if (pno+1 >= SIZE(z->partitions)) {
+			printf("too many partitions - ignoring those "
+			       "past nr (%d)\n", pno-1);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (bp->p_fstype != BSD_FS_UNUSED) {
+			partitions[pno].start = bp->p_offset;
+			partitions[pno].size = bp->p_size;
+			partitions[pno].sector = start+1;
+			partitions[pno].offset = (char *)bp - (char *)bp0;
+			partitions[pno].ep = 0;
+			partitions[pno].ptype = BSD_TYPE;
+			pno++;
+		}
+		bp++;
+	}
+	z->partno = pno;
+}
+
+static int
+msdos_partition(char *dev, int fd, unsigned long start, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int i;
+    char *cp;
+    struct partition pt;
+    struct sector *s;
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]);
+    int pno = z->partno;
+
+    if (!(s = get_sector(dev, fd, start)))
+	return 0;
+
+    if (!msdos_signature(s))
+	return 0;
+
+    cp = s->data + 0x1be;
+    copy_to_part(cp,&pt);
+
+    /* If I am not mistaken, recent kernels will hide this from us,
+	   so we will never actually see traces of a Disk Manager */
+    if (pt.sys_type == DM6_PARTITION
+	|| pt.sys_type == EZD_PARTITION
+	|| pt.sys_type == DM6_AUX1PARTITION
+	|| pt.sys_type == DM6_AUX3PARTITION) {
+	printf("detected Disk Manager - unable to handle that\n");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    { unsigned int sig = *(unsigned short *)(s->data + 2);
+      if (sig <= 0x1ae
+	  && *(unsigned short *)(s->data + sig) == 0x55aa
+	  && (1 & *(unsigned char *)(s->data + sig + 2))) {
+	  printf("DM6 signature found - giving up\n");
+	  return 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (pno=0; pno<4; pno++,cp += sizeof(struct partition)) {
+	partitions[pno].sector = start;
+	partitions[pno].offset = cp - s->data;
+	copy_to_part(cp,&pt);
+	partitions[pno].start = start + pt.start_sect;
+	partitions[pno].size = pt.nr_sects;
+	partitions[pno].ep = 0;
+	partitions[pno].p = pt;
+    }
+
+    z->partno = pno;
+
+    for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
+	if (is_extended(partitions[i].p.sys_type)) {
+	    if (!partitions[i].size) {
+		printf("strange..., an extended partition of size 0?\n");
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    extended_partition(dev, fd, &partitions[i], z);
+	}
+	if (is_bsd(partitions[i].p.sys_type)) {
+	    if (!partitions[i].size) {
+		printf("strange..., a BSD partition of size 0?\n");
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    bsd_partition(dev, fd, &partitions[i], z);
+	}
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+osf_partition(char *dev, int fd, unsigned long start, struct disk_desc *z) {
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+sun_partition(char *dev, int fd, unsigned long start, struct disk_desc *z) {
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+amiga_partition(char *dev, int fd, unsigned long start, struct disk_desc *z) {
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+get_partitions(char *dev, int fd, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    z->partno = 0;
+
+    if (!msdos_partition(dev, fd, 0, z)
+	&& !osf_partition(dev, fd, 0, z)
+	&& !sun_partition(dev, fd, 0, z)
+	&& !amiga_partition(dev, fd, 0, z)) {
+	printf(" %s: unrecognized partition\n", dev);
+	return;
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+write_partitions(char *dev, int fd, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    struct sector *s;
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]), *p;
+    int pno = z->partno;
+
+    if (no_write) {
+	printf("-n flag was given: Nothing changed\n");
+	exit(0);
+    }
+
+    for (p = partitions; p < partitions+pno; p++) {
+	s = get_sector(dev, fd, p->sector);
+	if (!s) return 0;
+	s->to_be_written = 1;
+	copy_from_part(&(p->p), s->data + p->offset);
+	*(unsigned short *)(&(s->data[0x1fe])) = 0xaa55;
+    }
+    if (save_sector_file) {
+	if (!save_sectors(dev, fd)) {
+	    fatal("Failed saving the old sectors - aborting\n");
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    }
+    if (!write_sectors(dev, fd)) {
+	error("Failed writing the partition on %s\n"), dev;
+	return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  F. The standard input
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Input format:
+ * <start> <size> <type> <bootable> <c,h,s> <c,h,s>
+ * Fields are separated by whitespace or comma or semicolon possibly
+ * followed by whitespace; initial and trailing whitespace is ignored.
+ * Numbers can be octal, decimal or hexadecimal, decimal is default
+ * The <c,h,s> parts can (and probably should) be omitted.
+ * Bootable is specified as [*|-], with as default not-bootable.
+ * Type is given in hex, without the 0x prefix, or is [E|S|L|X], where
+ * L (LINUX_NATIVE (83)) is the default, S is LINUX_SWAP (82), and E
+ * is EXTENDED_PARTITION (5), X is LINUX_EXTENDED (85).
+ * The default value of start is the first nonassigned sector/cylinder/...
+ * The default value of size is as much as possible (until next
+ * partition or end-of-disk).
+ * .: end of chain of extended partitions.
+ *
+ * On interactive input an empty line means: all defaults.
+ * Otherwise empty lines are ignored.
+ */
+
+static int eof, eob;
+
+struct dumpfld {
+    int fldno;
+    char *fldname;
+    int is_bool;
+} dumpflds[] = {
+    { 0, "start", 0 },
+    { 1, "size", 0 },
+    { 2, "Id", 0 },
+    { 3, "bootable", 1 },
+    { 4, "bh", 0 },
+    { 5, "bs", 0 },
+    { 6, "bc", 0 },
+    { 7, "eh", 0 },
+    { 8, "es", 0 },
+    { 9, "ec", 0 }
+};
+
+/*
+ * Read a line, split it into fields
+ *
+ * (some primitive handwork, but a more elaborate parser seems
+ *  unnecessary)
+ */
+#define RD_EOF (-1)
+#define RD_CMD (-2)
+
+static int
+read_stdin(unsigned char **fields, unsigned char *line, int fieldssize, int linesize) {
+    unsigned char *lp, *ip;
+    int c, fno;
+
+    /* boolean true and empty string at start */
+    line[0] = '*';
+    line[1] = 0;
+    for (fno=0; fno < fieldssize; fno++)
+      fields[fno] = line + 1;
+    fno = 0;
+
+    /* read a line from stdin */
+    lp = fgets(line+2, linesize, stdin);
+    if (lp == NULL) {
+	eof = 1;
+	return RD_EOF;
+    }
+    if (!(lp = index(lp, '\n')))
+      fatal("long or incomplete input line - quitting\n");
+    *lp = 0;
+
+    /* remove comments, if any */
+    if ((lp = index(line+2, '#')) != 0)
+      *lp = 0;
+
+    /* recognize a few commands - to be expanded */
+    if (!strcmp(line+2, "unit: sectors")) {
+	specified_format = F_SECTOR;
+	return RD_CMD;
+    }
+
+    /* dump style? - then bad input is fatal */
+    if ((ip = index(line+2, ':')) != 0) {
+	struct dumpfld *d;
+
+      nxtfld:
+	    ip++;
+	    while(isspace(*ip))
+	      ip++;
+	    if (*ip == 0)
+	      return fno;
+	    for(d = dumpflds; d-dumpflds < SIZE(dumpflds); d++) {
+		if(!strncmp(ip, d->fldname, strlen(d->fldname))) {
+		    ip += strlen(d->fldname);
+		    while(isspace(*ip))
+		      ip++;
+		    if (d->is_bool)
+			fields[d->fldno] = line;
+		    else if (*ip == '=') {
+			while(isspace(*++ip)) ;
+			fields[d->fldno] = ip;
+			while(isalnum(*ip)) 	/* 0x07FF */
+			  ip++;
+		    } else
+		      fatal("input error: `=' expected after %s field\n",
+			    d->fldname);
+		    if (fno <= d->fldno)
+		      fno = d->fldno + 1;
+		    if(*ip == 0)
+		      return fno;
+		    if(*ip != ',' && *ip != ';')
+		      fatal("input error: unexpected character %c after %s field\n",
+			    *ip, d->fldname);
+		    *ip = 0;
+		    goto nxtfld;
+		}
+	    }
+	    fatal("unrecognized input: %s\n"), ip;
+    }
+
+    /* split line into fields */
+    lp = ip = line+2;
+    fields[fno++] = lp;
+    while((c = *ip++) != 0) {
+	if (!lp[-1] && (c == '\t' || c == ' '))
+	  ;
+	else if (c == '\t' || c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == ';') {
+	    *lp++ = 0;
+	    if (fno < fieldssize)
+		fields[fno++] = lp;
+	    continue;
+	} else
+	  *lp++ = c;
+    }
+
+    if (lp == fields[fno-1])
+      fno--;
+    return fno;
+}
+
+/* read a number, use default if absent */
+static int
+get_ul(char *u, unsigned long *up, unsigned long def, int base) {
+    char *nu;
+
+    if (*u) {
+	errno = 0;
+	*up = strtoul(u, &nu, base);
+	if (errno == ERANGE) {
+	    printf("number too big\n");
+	    return -1;
+	}
+	if (*nu) {
+	    printf("trailing junk after number\n");
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    } else
+      *up = def;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* There are two common ways to structure extended partitions:
+   as nested boxes, and as a chain. Sometimes the partitions
+   must be given in order. Sometimes all logical partitions
+   must lie inside the outermost extended partition.
+NESTED: every partition is contained in the surrounding partitions
+   and is disjoint from all others.
+CHAINED: every data partition is contained in the surrounding partitions
+   and disjoint from all others, but extended partitions may lie outside
+   (insofar as allowed by all_logicals_inside_outermost_extended).
+ONESECTOR: all data partitions are mutually disjoint; extended partitions
+   each use one sector only (except perhaps for the outermost one).
+*/
+static int partitions_in_order = 0;
+static int all_logicals_inside_outermost_extended = 1;
+static enum { NESTED, CHAINED, ONESECTOR } boxes = NESTED;
+
+/* find the default value for <start> - assuming entire units */
+static unsigned long
+first_free(int pno, int is_extended, struct part_desc *ep, int format,
+	   unsigned long mid, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    unsigned long ff, fff;
+    unsigned long unit = unitsize(format);
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]), *pp = 0;
+
+    /* if containing ep undefined, look at its container */
+    if (ep && ep->p.sys_type == EMPTY_PARTITION)
+      ep = ep->ep;
+
+    if (ep) {
+	if (boxes == NESTED || (boxes == CHAINED && !is_extended))
+	  pp = ep;
+	else if (all_logicals_inside_outermost_extended)
+	  pp = outer_extended_partition(ep);
+    }
+#if 0
+    ff = pp ? (pp->start + unit - 1) / unit : 0;
+#else
+    /* rounding up wastes almost an entire cylinder - round down
+       and leave it to compute_start_sect() to fix the difference */
+    ff = pp ? pp->start / unit : 0;
+#endif
+    /* MBR and 1st sector of an extended partition are never free */
+    if (unit == 1)
+      ff++;
+
+  again:
+    for(pp = partitions; pp < partitions+pno; pp++) {
+	if (!is_parent(pp, ep) && pp->size > 0) {
+	    if ((partitions_in_order || pp->start / unit <= ff
+		                     || (mid && pp->start / unit <= mid))
+		&& (fff = (pp->start + pp->size + unit - 1) / unit) > ff) {
+		ff = fff;
+		goto again;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    return ff;
+}
+
+/* find the default value for <size> - assuming entire units */
+static unsigned long
+max_length(int pno, int is_extended, struct part_desc *ep, int format,
+	   unsigned long start, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    unsigned long fu;
+    unsigned long unit = unitsize(format);
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]), *pp = 0;
+
+    /* if containing ep undefined, look at its container */
+    if (ep && ep->p.sys_type == EMPTY_PARTITION)
+      ep = ep->ep;
+
+    if (ep) {
+	if (boxes == NESTED || (boxes == CHAINED && !is_extended))
+	  pp = ep;
+	else if (all_logicals_inside_outermost_extended)
+	  pp = outer_extended_partition(ep);
+    }
+    fu = pp ? (pp->start + pp->size) / unit : get_disksize(format);
+	
+    for(pp = partitions; pp < partitions+pno; pp++)
+      if (!is_parent(pp, ep) && pp->size > 0
+	  && pp->start / unit >= start && pp->start / unit < fu)
+	fu = pp->start / unit;
+
+    return (fu > start) ? fu - start : 0;
+}
+
+/* compute starting sector of a partition inside an extended one */
+/* ep is 0 or points to surrounding extended partition */
+static int
+compute_start_sect(struct part_desc *p, struct part_desc *ep) {
+    unsigned long base;
+    int inc = (DOS && B.sectors) ? B.sectors : 1;
+    int delta;
+
+    if (ep && p->start + p->size >= ep->start + 1)
+      delta = p->start - ep->start - inc;
+    else if (p->start == 0 && p->size > 0)
+      delta = -inc;
+    else
+      delta = 0;
+    if (delta < 0) {
+	p->start -= delta;
+	p->size += delta;
+	if (is_extended(p->p.sys_type) && boxes == ONESECTOR)
+	  p->size = inc;
+	else if ((int)(p->size) <= 0) {
+	    warn("no room for partition descriptor\n");
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    }
+    base = (!ep ? 0
+	        : (is_extended(p->p.sys_type) ?
+		   outer_extended_partition(ep) : ep)->start);
+    p->ep = ep;
+    if (p->p.sys_type == EMPTY_PARTITION && p->size == 0) {
+        p->p.start_sect = 0;
+	p->p.begin_chs = zero_chs;
+	p->p.end_chs = zero_chs;
+    } else {
+        p->p.start_sect = p->start - base;
+	p->p.begin_chs = ulong_to_chs(p->start,B);
+	p->p.end_chs = ulong_to_chs(p->start + p->size - 1,B);
+    }
+    p->p.nr_sects = p->size;
+    return 1;
+}    
+
+/* build the extended partition surrounding a given logical partition */
+static int
+build_surrounding_extended(struct part_desc *p, struct part_desc *ep,
+			   struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int inc = (DOS && B.sectors) ? B.sectors : 1;
+    int format = F_SECTOR;
+    struct part_desc *p0 = &(z->partitions[0]), *eep = ep->ep;
+
+    if (boxes == NESTED) {
+	ep->start = first_free(ep-p0, 1, eep, format, p->start, z);
+	ep->size = max_length(ep-p0, 1, eep, format, ep->start, z);
+	if (ep->start > p->start || ep->start + ep->size < p->start + p->size) {
+	    warn("cannot build surrounding extended partition\n");
+	    return 0;
+	}
+    } else {
+	ep->start = p->start;
+	if(boxes == CHAINED)
+	  ep->size = p->size;
+	else
+	  ep->size = inc;
+    }
+
+    ep->p.nr_sects = ep->size;
+    ep->p.bootable = 0;
+    ep->p.sys_type = EXTENDED_PARTITION;
+    if (!compute_start_sect(ep, eep) || !compute_start_sect(p, ep)) {
+	ep->p.sys_type = EMPTY_PARTITION;
+	ep->size = 0;
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+read_line(int pno, struct part_desc *ep, char *dev, int interactive,
+	  struct disk_desc *z) {
+    unsigned char line[1000];
+    unsigned char *fields[11];
+    int fno, pct = pno%4;
+    struct part_desc p, *orig;
+    unsigned long ff, ff1, ul, ml, ml1, def;
+    int format, lpno, is_extd;
+
+    if (eof || eob)
+      return -1;
+
+    lpno = index_to_linux(pno, z);
+
+    if (interactive) {
+	if (pct == 0 && (show_extended || pno == 0))
+	  warn("\n");
+	warn("%8s%d: ", dev, lpno);
+    }
+
+    /* read input line - skip blank lines when reading from a file */
+    do {
+	fno = read_stdin(fields, line, SIZE(fields), SIZE(line));
+    } while(fno == RD_CMD || (fno == 0 && !interactive));
+    if (fno == RD_EOF) {
+	return -1;
+    } else if (fno > 10 && *(fields[10]) != 0) {
+	printf("too many input fields\n");
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (fno == 1 && !strcmp(fields[0], ".")) {
+	eob = 1;
+	return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* use specified format, but round to cylinders if F_MEGABYTE specified */
+    format = 0;
+    if (B.cylindersize && specified_format == F_MEGABYTE)
+      format = F_CYLINDER;
+
+    orig = (one_only ? &(oldp.partitions[pno]) : 0);
+
+    p = zero_part_desc;
+    p.ep = ep;
+
+    /* first read the type - we need to know whether it is extended */
+    /* stop reading when input blank (defaults) and all is full */
+    is_extd = 0;
+    if (fno == 0) {		/* empty line */
+	if (orig && is_extended(orig->p.sys_type))
+	  is_extd = 1;
+	ff = first_free(pno, is_extd, ep, format, 0, z);
+	ml = max_length(pno, is_extd, ep, format, ff, z);
+	if (ml == 0 && is_extd == 0) {
+	    is_extd = 1;
+	    ff = first_free(pno, is_extd, ep, format, 0, z);
+	    ml = max_length(pno, is_extd, ep, format, ff, z);
+	}
+	if (ml == 0 && pno >= 4) {
+	    /* no free blocks left - don't read any further */
+	    warn("No room for more\n");
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+    if (fno < 3 || !*(fields[2]))
+      ul = orig ? orig->p.sys_type :
+	   (is_extd || (pno > 3 && pct == 1 && show_extended))
+	     ? EXTENDED_PARTITION : LINUX_NATIVE;
+    else if(!strcmp(fields[2], "L"))
+      ul = LINUX_NATIVE;
+    else if(!strcmp(fields[2], "S"))
+      ul = LINUX_SWAP;
+    else if(!strcmp(fields[2], "E"))
+      ul = EXTENDED_PARTITION;
+    else if(!strcmp(fields[2], "X"))
+      ul = LINUX_EXTENDED;
+    else if (get_ul(fields[2], &ul, LINUX_NATIVE, 16))
+      return 0;
+    if (ul > 255) {
+	warn("Illegal type\n");
+	return 0;
+    }
+    p.p.sys_type = ul;
+    is_extd = is_extended(ul);
+
+    /* find start */
+    ff = first_free(pno, is_extd, ep, format, 0, z);
+    ff1 = ff * unitsize(format);
+    def = orig ? orig->start : (pno > 4 && pct > 1) ? 0 : ff1;
+    if (fno < 1 || !*(fields[0]))
+      p.start = def;
+    else {
+	if (get_ul(fields[0], &ul, def / unitsize(0), 0))
+	  return 0;
+	p.start = ul * unitsize(0);
+	p.start -= (p.start % unitsize(format));
+    }
+
+    /* find length */
+    ml = max_length(pno, is_extd, ep, format, p.start / unitsize(format), z);
+    ml1 = ml * unitsize(format);
+    def = orig ? orig->size : (pno > 4 && pct > 1) ? 0 : ml1;
+    if (fno < 2 || !*(fields[1]))
+      p.size = def;
+    else {
+	if (get_ul(fields[1], &ul, def / unitsize(0), 0))
+	  return 0;
+	p.size = ul * unitsize(0) + unitsize(format) - 1;
+	p.size -= (p.size % unitsize(format));
+    }
+    if (p.size > ml1) {
+	warn("Warning: exceeds max allowable size (%lu)\n", ml1 / unitsize(0));
+	if (!force)
+	  return 0;
+    }
+    if (p.size == 0 && pno >= 4 && (fno < 2 || !*(fields[1]))) {
+	warn("Warning: empty partition\n");
+	if (!force)
+	  return 0;
+    }
+    p.p.nr_sects = p.size;
+
+    if (p.size == 0 && !orig) {
+	if(fno < 1 || !*(fields[0]))
+	  p.start = 0;
+	if(fno < 3 || !*(fields[2]))
+	  p.p.sys_type = EMPTY_PARTITION;
+    }
+
+    if (p.start < ff1 && p.size > 0) {
+	warn("Warning: bad partition start (earliest %lu)\n",
+	     (ff1 + unitsize(0) - 1) / unitsize(0));
+	if (!force)
+	  return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (fno < 4 || !*(fields[3]))
+      ul = (orig ? orig->p.bootable : 0);
+    else if (!strcmp(fields[3], "-"))
+      ul = 0;
+    else if (!strcmp(fields[3], "*") || !strcmp(fields[3], "+"))
+      ul = 0x80;
+    else {
+    	warn("unrecognized bootable flag - choose - or *\n");
+    	return 0;
+    }
+    p.p.bootable = ul;
+
+    if (ep && ep->p.sys_type == EMPTY_PARTITION) {
+      if(!build_surrounding_extended(&p, ep, z))
+	return 0;
+    } else
+      if(!compute_start_sect(&p, ep))
+	return 0;
+
+    { longchs aa = chs_to_longchs(p.p.begin_chs), bb;
+
+      if (fno < 5) {
+	  bb = aa;
+      } else if (fno < 7) {
+	  warn("partial c,h,s specification?\n");
+	  return 0;
+      } else if(get_ul(fields[4], &bb.c, aa.c, 0) ||
+		get_ul(fields[5], &bb.h, aa.h, 0) ||
+		get_ul(fields[6], &bb.s, aa.s, 0))
+	return 0;
+      p.p.begin_chs = longchs_to_chs(bb,B);
+    }
+    { longchs aa = chs_to_longchs(p.p.end_chs), bb;
+
+      if (fno < 8) {
+	  bb = aa;
+      } else if (fno < 10) {
+	  warn("partial c,h,s specification?\n");
+	  return 0;
+      } else if(get_ul(fields[7], &bb.c, aa.c, 0) ||
+		get_ul(fields[8], &bb.h, aa.h, 0) ||
+		get_ul(fields[9], &bb.s, aa.s, 0))
+	return 0;
+      p.p.end_chs = longchs_to_chs(bb, B);
+    }
+
+    if (pno > 3 && p.size && show_extended && p.p.sys_type != EMPTY_PARTITION
+	        && (is_extended(p.p.sys_type) != (pct == 1))) {
+	warn("Extended partition not where expected\n");
+	if (!force)
+	  return 0;
+    }
+
+    z->partitions[pno] = p;
+    if (pno >= z->partno)
+      z->partno += 4;		/* reqd for out_partition() */
+
+    if (interactive)
+      out_partition(dev, 0, &(z->partitions[pno]), z, B);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/* ep either points to the extended partition to contain this one,
+   or to the empty partition that may become extended or is 0 */
+static int
+read_partition(char *dev, int interactive, int pno, struct part_desc *ep,
+	       struct disk_desc *z) {
+    struct part_desc *p = &(z->partitions[pno]);
+    int i;
+
+    if (one_only) {
+	*p = oldp.partitions[pno];
+	if (one_only_pno != pno)
+	  goto ret;
+    } else if (!show_extended && pno > 4 && pno%4)
+	  goto ret;
+
+    while (!(i = read_line(pno, ep, dev, interactive, z)))
+      if (!interactive)
+	fatal("bad input\n");
+    if (i < 0) {
+	p->ep = ep;
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+  ret:
+    p->ep = ep;
+    if (pno >= z->partno)
+      z->partno += 4;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void
+read_partition_chain(char *dev, int interactive, struct part_desc *ep,
+		     struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int i, base;
+
+    eob = 0;
+    while (1) {
+	base = z->partno;
+	if (base+4 > SIZE(z->partitions)) {
+	    printf("too many partitions\n");
+	    break;
+	}
+	for (i=0; i<4; i++)
+	  if (!read_partition(dev, interactive, base+i, ep, z))
+	    return;
+	for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
+	    ep = &(z->partitions[base+i]);
+	    if (is_extended(ep->p.sys_type) && ep->size)
+	      break;
+	}
+	if (i == 4) {
+	    /* nothing found - maybe an empty partition is going
+	       to be extended */
+	    if (one_only || show_extended)
+	      break;
+	    ep = &(z->partitions[base+1]);
+	    if (ep->size || ep->p.sys_type != EMPTY_PARTITION)
+	      break;
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+read_input(char *dev, int interactive, struct disk_desc *z) {
+    int i;
+    struct part_desc *partitions = &(z->partitions[0]), *ep;
+
+    for (i=0; i < SIZE(z->partitions); i++)
+      partitions[i] = zero_part_desc;
+    z->partno = 0;
+
+    if (interactive)
+      warn("Input in the following format; absent fields get a default value.\n"
+             "<start> <size> <type [E,S,L,X,hex]> <bootable [-,*]> <c,h,s> <c,h,s>\n"
+             "Usually you only need to specify <start> and <size> (and perhaps <type>).\n");
+    eof = 0;
+
+    for (i=0; i<4; i++)
+      read_partition(dev, interactive, i, 0, z);
+    for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
+	ep = partitions+i;
+	if (is_extended(ep->p.sys_type) && ep->size)
+	  read_partition_chain(dev, interactive, ep, z);
+    }
+    add_sector_and_offset(z);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  G. The command line
+ */
+
+static void version(void) {
+    printf("%s %s %s (aeb@cwi.nl, %s)\n", PROGNAME, "version", VERSION, DATE);
+}
+
+static char short_opts[] = "cdfgilnqsu:vx?1A::C:DH:I:LN:O:RS:TU::V";
+
+#define PRINT_ID 0400
+#define CHANGE_ID 01000
+
+static const struct option long_opts[] = {
+    { "change-id",	  no_argument, NULL, 'c' + CHANGE_ID },
+    { "print-id",	  no_argument, NULL, 'c' + PRINT_ID },
+    { "id",		  no_argument, NULL, 'c' },
+    { "dump",             no_argument, NULL, 'd' },
+    { "force",            no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
+    { "show-geometry",	  no_argument, NULL, 'g' },
+    { "increment",        no_argument, NULL, 'i' },
+    { "list",             no_argument, NULL, 'l' },
+    { "quiet",            no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
+    { "show-size",        no_argument, NULL, 's' },
+    { "unit",       required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
+    { "version",          no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
+    { "show-extended",    no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
+    { "help",	          no_argument, NULL, '?' },
+    { "one-only",         no_argument, NULL, '1' },
+    { "cylinders",  required_argument, NULL, 'C' },
+    { "heads",      required_argument, NULL, 'H' },
+    { "sectors",    required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
+    { "activate",   optional_argument, NULL, 'A' },
+    { "DOS",              no_argument, NULL, 'D' },
+    { "Linux",            no_argument, NULL, 'L' },
+    { "re-read",          no_argument, NULL, 'R' },
+    { "list-types",       no_argument, NULL, 'T' },
+    { "unhide",     optional_argument, NULL, 'U' },
+    { "no-reread",        no_argument, NULL, 160 },
+    { "IBM",              no_argument, NULL, 161 },
+    { "leave-last",       no_argument, NULL, 161 },
+/* undocumented flags - not all completely implemented */
+    { "in-order",         no_argument, NULL, 128 },
+    { "not-in-order",     no_argument, NULL, 129 },
+    { "inside-outer",     no_argument, NULL, 130 },
+    { "not-inside-outer", no_argument, NULL, 131 },
+    { "nested",           no_argument, NULL, 132 },
+    { "chained",          no_argument, NULL, 133 },
+    { "onesector",        no_argument, NULL, 134 },
+    { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+/* default devices to list */
+static struct devd {
+    char *pref, *letters;
+} defdevs[] = {
+    { "hd", "abcdefgh" },
+    { "sd", "abcde" },
+    { "xd", "ab" },
+    { "ed", "abcd" }
+};
+
+static int
+is_ide_cdrom(char *device) {
+    /* No device was given explicitly, and we are trying some
+       likely things.  But opening /dev/hdc may produce errors like
+           "hdc: tray open or drive not ready"
+       if it happens to be a CD-ROM drive. So try to be careful.
+       This only works since 2.1.73. */
+
+    FILE *procf;
+    char buf[100];
+    struct stat statbuf;
+
+    sprintf(buf, "/proc/ide/%s/media", device+5);
+    procf = fopen(buf, "r");
+    if (procf != NULL && fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), procf))
+	return  !strncmp(buf, "cdrom", 5);
+
+    /* Now when this proc file does not exist, skip the
+       device when it is read-only. */
+    if (stat(device, &statbuf) == 0)
+	return (statbuf.st_mode & 0222) == 0;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void do_list(char *dev, int silent);
+static void do_size(char *dev, int silent);
+static void do_geom(char *dev, int silent);
+static void do_fdisk(char *dev);
+static void do_reread(char *dev);
+static void do_change_id(char *dev, char *part, char *id);
+static void do_unhide(char **av, int ac, char *arg);
+static void do_activate(char **av, int ac, char *arg);
+
+static int total_size;
+
+extern int
+sfdisk_main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    int c;
+    char *dev;
+    int opt_size = 0;
+    int opt_out_geom = 0;
+    int opt_reread = 0;
+    int activate = 0;
+    int do_id = 0;
+    int unhide = 0;
+    char *activatearg = 0;
+    char *unhidearg = 0;
+
+    if (argc < 1)
+	usage( sfdisk_usage);
+
+    while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, short_opts, long_opts, NULL)) != -1) {
+	switch (c) {
+	  case 'f':
+	    force = 1; break;	/* does not imply quiet */
+	  case 'g':
+	    opt_out_geom = 1; break;
+	  case 'i':
+	    increment = 1; break;
+	  case 'c':
+	  case 'c' + PRINT_ID:
+	  case 'c' + CHANGE_ID:
+	    do_id = c; break;
+	  case 'd':
+	    dump = 1; /* fall through */
+	  case 'l':
+	    opt_list = 1; break;
+	  case 'n':
+	    no_write = 1; break;
+	  case 'q':
+	    quiet = 1; break;
+	  case 's':
+	    opt_size = 1; break;
+	  case 'u':
+	    set_format(*optarg); break;
+	  case 'v':
+	    version();
+	    exit(0);
+	  case 'x':
+	    show_extended = 1; break;
+	  case 'A':
+	    activatearg = optarg;
+	    activate = 1; break;
+	  case 'C':
+	    U.cylinders = atoi(optarg); break;
+	  case 'D':
+	    DOS = 1; break;
+	  case 'H':
+	    U.heads = atoi(optarg); break;
+	  case 'L':
+	    Linux = 1; break;
+	  case 'N':
+	    one_only = atoi(optarg); break;
+	  case 'I':
+	    restore_sector_file = optarg; break;
+	  case 'O':
+	    save_sector_file = optarg; break;
+	  case 'R':
+	    opt_reread = 1; break;
+	  case 'S':
+	    U.sectors = atoi(optarg); break;
+	  case 'T':
+	    list_types();
+	    exit(0);
+	  case 'U':
+	    unhidearg = optarg;
+	    unhide = 1; break;
+	  case 'V':
+	    verify = 1; break;
+	  case '?':
+	  default:
+	    usage( sfdisk_usage);
+
+	  /* undocumented flags */
+	  case 128:
+	    partitions_in_order = 1; break;
+	  case 129:
+	    partitions_in_order = 0; break;
+	  case 130:
+	    all_logicals_inside_outermost_extended = 1; break;
+	  case 131:
+	    all_logicals_inside_outermost_extended = 0; break;
+	  case 132:
+	    boxes = NESTED; break;
+	  case 133:
+	    boxes = CHAINED; break;
+	  case 134:
+	    boxes = ONESECTOR; break;
+
+	  /* more flags */
+	  case 160:
+	    no_reread = 1; break;
+	  case 161:
+	    leave_last = 1; break;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (optind == argc && (opt_list || opt_out_geom || opt_size || verify)) {
+	struct devd *dp;
+	char *lp;
+	char device[10];
+
+	total_size = 0;
+
+	for(dp = defdevs; dp-defdevs < SIZE(defdevs); dp++) {
+	    lp = dp->letters;
+	    while(*lp) {
+		sprintf(device, "/dev/%s%c", dp->pref, *lp++);
+		if (!strcmp(dp->pref, "hd") && is_ide_cdrom(device))
+		  continue;
+		if (opt_out_geom)
+		  do_geom(device, 1);
+		if (opt_size)
+		  do_size(device, 1);
+		if (opt_list || verify)
+		  do_list(device, 1);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if (opt_size)
+	  printf("total: %d blocks\n", total_size);
+
+	exit(exit_status);
+    }
+
+    if (optind == argc) usage( sfdisk_usage);
+
+    if (opt_list || opt_out_geom || opt_size || verify) {
+	while (optind < argc) {
+	    if (opt_out_geom)
+	      do_geom(argv[optind], 0);
+	    if (opt_size)
+	      do_size(argv[optind], 0);
+	    if (opt_list || verify)
+	      do_list(argv[optind], 0);
+	    optind++;
+	}
+	exit(exit_status);
+    }
+
+    if (activate) {
+	do_activate(argv+optind, argc-optind, activatearg);
+	exit(exit_status);
+    }
+    if (unhide) {
+	do_unhide(argv+optind, argc-optind, unhidearg);
+	exit(exit_status);
+    }
+    if (do_id) {
+        if ((do_id & PRINT_ID) != 0 && optind != argc-2)
+	  fatal("usage: sfdisk --print-id device partition-number\n");
+	else if ((do_id & CHANGE_ID) != 0 && optind != argc-3)
+	  fatal("usage: sfdisk --change-id device partition-number Id\n");
+	else if (optind != argc-3 && optind != argc-2)
+	  fatal("usage: sfdisk --id device partition-number [Id]\n");
+	do_change_id(argv[optind], argv[optind+1],
+		     (optind == argc-2) ? 0 : argv[optind+2]);
+	exit(exit_status);
+    }
+      
+    if (optind != argc-1)
+      fatal("can specify only one device (except with -l or -s)\n");
+    dev = argv[optind];
+
+    if (opt_reread)
+      do_reread(dev);
+    else if (restore_sector_file)
+      restore_sectors(dev);
+    else
+      do_fdisk(dev);
+
+    return ( TRUE);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  H. Listing the current situation
+ */
+
+static int
+my_open (char *dev, int rw, int silent) {
+    int fd, mode;
+
+    mode = (rw ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
+    fd = open(dev, mode);
+    if (fd < 0 && !silent) {
+	perror(dev);
+	fatal("cannot open %s %s\n", dev, rw ? "read-write" : "for reading");
+    }
+    return fd;
+}
+
+static void
+do_list (char *dev, int silent) {
+    int fd;
+    struct disk_desc *z;
+
+    fd = my_open(dev, 0, silent);
+    if (fd < 0)
+	return;
+
+    z = &oldp;
+
+    free_sectors();
+    get_cylindersize(dev, fd, dump ? 1 : opt_list ? 0 : 1);
+    get_partitions(dev, fd, z);
+
+    if (opt_list)
+      out_partitions(dev, z);
+
+    if (verify) {
+	if (partitions_ok(z))
+	  warn("%s: OK\n"), dev;
+	else
+	  exit_status = 1;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+do_geom (char *dev, int silent) {
+    int fd;
+    struct hd_geometry g;
+
+    fd = my_open(dev, 0, silent);
+    if (fd < 0)
+	return;
+
+    /* get_cylindersize(dev, fd, silent); */
+    if (!ioctl(fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &g))
+	printf("%s: %d cylinders, %d heads, %d sectors/track\n",
+	       dev, g.cylinders, g.heads, g.sectors);
+    else
+	printf("%s: unknown geometry\n", dev);
+}
+
+/* for compatibility with earlier fdisk: provide option -s */
+static void
+do_size (char *dev, int silent) {
+    int fd;
+    long size;
+
+    fd = my_open(dev, 0, silent);
+    if (fd < 0)
+	return;
+
+    if(ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &size)) {
+	if(!silent) {
+	    perror(dev);
+	    fatal("BLKGETSIZE ioctl failed for %s\n"), dev;
+	}
+	return;
+    }
+
+    size /= 2;			/* convert sectors to blocks */
+
+    /* a CDROM drive without mounted CD yields MAXINT */
+    if (silent && size == ((1<<30)-1))
+      return;
+
+    if (silent)
+      printf("%s: %9ld\n", dev, size);
+    else
+      printf("%ld\n", size);
+
+    total_size += size;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Activate: usually one wants to have a single primary partition
+ * to be active. OS/2 fdisk makes non-bootable logical partitions
+ * active - I don't know what that means to OS/2 Boot Manager.
+ *
+ * Call: activate /dev/hda 2 5 7	make these partitions active
+ *					and the remaining ones inactive
+ * Or:   sfdisk -A /dev/hda 2 5 7
+ *
+ * If only a single partition must be active, one may also use the form
+ *       sfdisk -A2 /dev/hda
+ *
+ * With "activate /dev/hda" or "sfdisk -A /dev/hda" the active partitions
+ * are listed but not changed. To get zero active partitions, use
+ * "activate /dev/hda none" or "sfdisk -A /dev/hda none".
+ * Use something like `echo ",,,*" | sfdisk -N2 /dev/hda' to only make
+ * /dev/hda2 active, without changing other partitions.
+ *
+ * A warning will be given if after the change not precisely one primary
+ * partition is active.
+ *
+ * The present syntax was chosen to be (somewhat) compatible with the
+ * activate from the LILO package.
+ */
+static void
+set_active (struct disk_desc *z, char *pnam) {
+    int pno;
+
+    pno = asc_to_index(pnam, z);
+    z->partitions[pno].p.bootable = 0x80;
+}
+
+static void
+do_activate (char **av, int ac, char *arg) {
+    char *dev = av[0];
+    int fd;
+    int rw, i, pno, lpno;
+    struct disk_desc *z;
+
+    z = &oldp;
+
+    rw = (!no_write && (arg || ac > 1));
+    fd = my_open(dev, rw, 0);
+
+    free_sectors();
+    get_cylindersize(dev, fd, 1);
+    get_partitions(dev, fd, z);
+
+    if (!arg && ac == 1) {
+	/* list active partitions */
+	for (pno=0; pno < z->partno; pno++) {
+	    if (z->partitions[pno].p.bootable) {
+		lpno = index_to_linux(pno, z);
+		if (pno == linux_to_index(lpno, z))
+		  printf("%s%d\n", dev, lpno);
+		else
+		  printf("%s#%d\n", dev, pno);
+		if (z->partitions[pno].p.bootable != 0x80)
+		  warn("bad active byte: 0x%x instead of 0x80\n",
+		       z->partitions[pno].p.bootable);
+	    }
+	}
+    } else {
+	/* clear `active byte' everywhere */
+	for (pno=0; pno < z->partno; pno++)
+	    z->partitions[pno].p.bootable = 0;
+
+	/* then set where desired */
+	if (ac == 1)
+	  set_active(z, arg);
+	else for(i=1; i<ac; i++)
+	  set_active(z, av[i]);
+
+	/* then write to disk */
+	if(write_partitions(dev, fd, z))
+	  warn("Done\n\n");
+	else
+	  exit_status = 1;
+    }
+    i = 0;
+    for (pno=0; pno < z->partno && pno < 4; pno++)
+      if (z->partitions[pno].p.bootable)
+	i++;
+    if (i != 1)
+      warn("You have %d active primary partitions. This does not matter for LILO,\n"
+	   "but the DOS MBR will only boot a disk with 1 active partition.\n", i);
+}
+
+static void
+set_unhidden (struct disk_desc *z, char *pnam) {
+    int pno;
+    unsigned char id;
+
+    pno = asc_to_index(pnam, z);
+    id = z->partitions[pno].p.sys_type;
+    if (id == 0x11 || id == 0x14 || id == 0x16 || id == 0x17)
+      id -= 0x10;
+    else
+      fatal("partition %s has id %x and is not hidden\n", pnam, id);
+    z->partitions[pno].p.sys_type = id;
+}
+
+/*
+ * maybe remove and make part of --change-id
+ */
+static void
+do_unhide (char **av, int ac, char *arg) {
+    char *dev = av[0];
+    int fd, rw, i;
+    struct disk_desc *z;
+
+    z = &oldp;
+
+    rw = !no_write;
+    fd = my_open(dev, rw, 0);
+
+    free_sectors();
+    get_cylindersize(dev, fd, 1);
+    get_partitions(dev, fd, z);
+
+    /* unhide where desired */
+    if (ac == 1)
+      set_unhidden(z, arg);
+    else for(i=1; i<ac; i++)
+      set_unhidden(z, av[i]);
+
+    /* then write to disk */
+    if(write_partitions(dev, fd, z))
+      warn("Done\n\n");
+    else
+      exit_status = 1;
+}
+
+static void do_change_id(char *dev, char *pnam, char *id) {
+    int fd, rw, pno;
+    struct disk_desc *z;
+    unsigned long i;
+
+    z = &oldp;
+
+    rw = !no_write;
+    fd = my_open(dev, rw, 0);
+
+    free_sectors();
+    get_cylindersize(dev, fd, 1);
+    get_partitions(dev, fd, z);
+
+    pno = asc_to_index(pnam, z);
+    if (id == 0) {
+      printf("%x\n", z->partitions[pno].p.sys_type);
+      return;
+    }
+    i = strtoul(id, NULL, 16);
+    if (i > 255)
+      fatal("Bad Id %x\n"), i;
+    z->partitions[pno].p.sys_type = i;
+
+    if(write_partitions(dev, fd, z))
+      warn("Done\n\n");
+    else
+      exit_status = 1;
+}
+
+static void
+do_reread(char *dev) {
+    int fd;
+
+    fd = my_open(dev, 0, 0);
+    if(reread_ioctl(fd))
+      printf("This disk is currently in use.\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ *  I. Writing the new situation
+ */
+
+static void
+do_fdisk(char *dev){
+    int fd;
+    int c, answer;
+    struct stat statbuf;
+    int interactive = isatty(0);
+    struct disk_desc *z;
+
+    if (stat(dev, &statbuf) < 0) {
+	perror(dev);
+	fatal("Fatal error: cannot find %s\n"), dev;
+    }
+    if (!S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode)) {
+	warn("Warning: %s is not a block device\n"), dev;
+	no_reread = 1;
+    }
+    fd = my_open(dev, !no_write, 0);
+
+    if(!no_write && !no_reread) {
+	warn("Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ...\n");
+	if(reread_ioctl(fd)) {
+	    printf("\nThis disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea."
+		   "Umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap partitions on this disk."
+		   "Use the --no-reread flag to suppress this check.\n");
+	    if (!force) {
+		printf("Use the --force flag to overrule all checks.\n");
+		exit(1);
+	    }
+	} else
+	  warn("OK");
+    }
+
+    z = &oldp;
+
+    free_sectors();
+    get_cylindersize(dev, fd, 0);
+    get_partitions(dev, fd, z);
+
+    printf("Old situation:\n");
+    out_partitions(dev, z);
+
+    if (one_only && (one_only_pno = linux_to_index(one_only, z)) < 0)
+      fatal("Partition %d does not exist, cannot change it\n"), one_only;
+
+    z = &newp;
+
+    while(1) {
+
+	read_input(dev, interactive, z);
+
+	printf("New situation:\n");
+	out_partitions(dev, z);
+
+	if (!partitions_ok(z) && !force) {
+	    if(!interactive)
+	      fatal("I don't like these partitions - nothing changed.\n"
+		      "(If you really want this, use the --force option.)\n");
+	    else
+	      printf("I don't like this - probably you should answer No\n");
+	}
+      ask:
+	if (interactive) {
+	    if (no_write)
+	      printf("Are you satisfied with this? [ynq] ");
+	    else
+	      printf("Do you want to write this to disk? [ynq] ");
+	    answer = c = getchar();
+	    while (c != '\n' && c != EOF)
+	      c = getchar();
+	    if (c == EOF)
+		printf("\nsfdisk: premature end of input\n");
+	    if (c == EOF || answer == 'q' || answer == 'Q') {
+		fatal("Quitting - nothing changed\n");
+	    } else if (answer == 'n' || answer == 'N') {
+		continue;
+	    } else if (answer == 'y' || answer == 'Y') {
+		break;
+	    } else {
+		printf("Please answer one of y,n,q\n");
+		goto ask;
+	    }
+	} else
+	  break;
+    }
+
+    if(write_partitions(dev, fd, z))
+      printf("Successfully wrote the new partition table\n\n");
+    else
+      exit_status = 1;
+
+    reread_disk_partition(dev, fd);
+    
+    warn("If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1)\n"
+	 "to zero the first 512 bytes:  dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1\n"
+	 "(See fdisk(8).)\n");
+    
+    sync();			/* superstition */
+    sleep(3);
+    exit(exit_status);
+}